1^ *M»* 



State Elementary School 
Manual 



GIVING 



Law and Regulations for Classification 

As State Rural, Graded and 

Consolidated Schools 



l^Y 



AUGUST, 1915 



ISSUED BY THE 

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

OF 

NORTH DAKOTA 



State Elementary School 
Manual 



GIVING 



Law and Regulations for Classification 

As State Rural, Graded and 

Consolidated Schools 



AUGUST, 1915 



ISSUED BY THE 

STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

OF 

NORTH DAKOTA 






of D. 
23 191® 



\> 






N> 



STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 



Members of the Board 



E. J. Taylor, State Superintendent of Public Instruction and 

President of the State Board of Education, Bismarck. 

F. L. McVey, President of the State University, University. 

J. H. Worst, President of the Agricultural College, Fargo. 

N. C. Macdonald, Inspector of Rural, Graded and Consolidated 
Schools, Valley City. 

E. R. Edwards, Inspector of High Schools, Jamestown. 

Geo. A. McFarland, President of State Normal School, Valley 
City. 

R. M. Black, President of Normal-Industrial School, Ellendale. 

Mary Flemington Strand, Superintendent of Dickey County 
■ Schools, Ellendale. 

H. M. Taber, Jamestown. 



Secretary to the Board 

W. E. Parsons, Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction, 
Bismarck. 



GENERAL STATEMENT 

1. Section 1423 of the Compiled Laws of 1913, creates a 
State Board of Education which has in charge the classification 
of rural, graded and consolidated schools. Pursuant to the powers 
conferred upon that State Board by sections 1427,. 1439, 1440, 
1441, 1442, 1443, 1444, 1445, 1446, 1447, 1448, 1449 and 1450 of 
the Compiled Laws of 1913 it has formulated these rules and 
regulations for the classification of the rural, graded and con- 
solidated schools of the state. 

2. The purpose of this aid as stated by the Elementary 
School Act is to aid, encourage, stimulate, and standardize the 
rural, consolidated and graded schools of this state, and thereby 
increase the efficiency of the entire educational system. Its 
special purpose is to aid and promote consolidation of rural 
schools. 

3. The funds will be apportioned by the State Board of 
Education between the first and fifteenth days of August each 
year to such schools as have met all the requirements for classi- 
fication. A second class rural school- will receive one hundred 
dollars, a first class rural, one hundred fifty dollars, a second 
class graded, one hundred fifty dollars, a first class graded, two 
hundred dollars, a second class consolidated, five hundred dol- 
lars, and a first class consolidated, six hundred dollars ; provided, 
that should there be insufficient funds to apportion the amounts 
named therein, then the available funds will be apportioned on a 
pro rata basis. 



REQUIREMENTS OF LAW AND THE STATE BOARD 
OF EDUCATION FOR CLASSIFICATION 



First Class Consolidated Schools 

A consolidated school exists where all the following condi- 
tions obtain, viz.: (1) At least two teachers are employed; (2) 
At least eighteen contiguous sections are served; and (3) Trans- 
portation is provided for those living beyond the two and one- 
fourth mile limit when such is requested by the patrons living 
therein. 

To be entitled to aid as a state consolidated school of the 
first class, the law and regulations of the board require in addi- 
tion to the above : 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than nine months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily attendance by 100 and divide by 
total enrollment) for the school must be not less than seventy- 
five, provided, that each child between the ages of eight and fif- 
teen inclusive must have a 90 per cent attendance average for the 
entire term except when excused under the law. Non-attendance 
is excusable if due to one of the following causes, viz.: (1) At- 
tendance elsewhere at some approved school; (2) Extreme poverty 
or destitution of the family which the county has failed to relieve 
on being requested to do so by the family in question; (3) Com- 
pletion of the course; (4) Physical or mental incapacity, and 
(5) Lack of transportation beyond the two and one-fourth mile 
limit. 

3. Departments.] Must be not less than four departments. 

4. Teachers.] The principal must be a graduate of a state 
normal school, or higher institution of learning, or must hold a 
professional certificate, and must receive not less than ninety 
dollars per month. Each teacher must hold a first grade elemen- 
tary certificate, or better, and be a graduate of a standard four- 
year high school course, or equivalent, and should receive not 
less than sixty-five dollars per month. All teachers must render 
service of a high grade. 



STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 



5. School Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, 
cleau and well kept. Fire escapes and out-swinging doors in 
the exits must be provided as required by law. There must be 
at least 12 square feet of floor space and 200 cubic feet of air 
space provided for each pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each department must be provided with: 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be a set of modern encyclopedia 
of at least four volumes, in rooms above sixth grade. 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
International, in rooms above third grade. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries. Not less than five copies, in 
rooms above third grade. 

(d) Supplementary Readers. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least 
two sets of supplementary readers for the first six 
grades and classics for the remaining grades. 

(e) Maps. Must be a set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in suit- 
able case, in rooms above third grade. 

(i) Globe. Must be at least 12-inch suspension globe, in 
rooms above third grade. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
single seats and desks, properly arranged, for accom- 
modation of all pupils. Single adjustable seats and 
desks preferred. 

(h) Blackboards. Must be at least 100 square feet, 

slate preferred. 
(i) Drinking Water. Each floor must be supplied with 

a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups, or a 

fountain. 

(j) Laboratory Equipment. For laboratory equipment 
for high school classes in manual training the value 
of same must be not less than seventy-five dollars, in 
domestic science not less than forty dollars, and in 
agriculture not less than fifty dollars ; provided, that 
these courses need not be taught unless at least ten 
well qualified high school pupils ask for each course. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 



(k) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Courses of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study must be taught. A two-year high school 
course must be offered as outlined in the high school manual. 
This shall include a course in either sewing or cooking and a 
course in either manual training or agriculture, provided, at least 
ten qualified high school pupils ask for same. 

8. Library.] Must have a well selected library of at least 
150 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but read- 
ers .and other texts must not be included in either list. The books 
for the library shall be selected from lists approved by the State 
Superintendent. 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 
be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way: 

(a) Heating. Must be either basement plant or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by a heated body through an intake or 
flue that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot 
for every ten pupils. This fresh air must be delivered 
at about six feet above level of floor. The foul exit 
or flue must be of the same dimensions as the fresh air 
flue. It must remove the foul air at level of the floor, 
bringing the air in contact with a heated body in 
order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting. Light must be admitted from left side, 
or rear, or both, and the total light area must not be 
less than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. Outhouses or Closets.] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there must be inside closets, or 
the outhouses must be connected by enclosed passage-ways with 
the school building, or built with double doors and kept clean 
and free from snow. In any ease they must be well kept. 



STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 



11. School Grounds.] In villages and towns the grounds 
must be at least a block in extent, and in the open country must 
be at least two acres. The grounds must be clean and present 
an orderly appearance and must be improved by care of lawns 
and planting of trees, shrubs, etc. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the principal a com- 
plete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification; and in addition must show (1) the daily at- 
tendance, enrollment and monthly standing of all pupils. (2) 
The status of each teacher as to education, experience and salary. 

13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 

SECOND CLASS CONSOLIDATED SCHOOLS 

A consolidated school exists where all the following condi- 
tions obtain, viz.: (1) ..at least two teachers are employed; (2) at 
least eighteen contiguous sections are served; and (3) transpor- 
tation is provided for those living beyond the two and one-fourth 
mile limit when such is requested by the patrons living therein. 

To be entitled to aid as a state consolidated school of the 
second class, the law and regulations of the state board of edu- 
cation require : 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than nine months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily attendance by 100 and divide by 
total enrollment) for the school must be not less than seventy- 
five, provided, that each child between the ages of eight and 
fifteen inclusive must have an average attendance for the entire 
term of ninety per cent except when excused under the law. 
Non-attendance is excusable if due to one of the following causes, 
viz.: (1) attendance elsewhere at some approved school, (2) ex- 
treme poverty or destitution of the family which the county has 
failed to relieve on being requested to do so by the family in 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 



question, (3) completion of the course, (4) physical or mental 
incapacity and (5) lack of transportation beyond the two and 
one-fourth mile limit. 

3. Departments.] Must be not less than 2 departments. 

4. Teachers.] The principal must be a graduate of a state 
normal school or higher institution of learning or must hold a 
professional certificate and must receive not less than seventy- 
five dollars per month. Each teacher must hold a first grade ele- 
mentary certificate or better and be a graduate of a standard 
four-year high school course or equivalent, and should receive 
not less than sixty dollars per month. The teachers must render 
service of a high grade. 

5. School Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, 
clean and well kept. Fire escapes and out-swinging doors in 
the exits must be provided as required by law. There must be 
at least 12 square feet of floor space and 200 cubic feet of air 
space provided for each pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each department must be provided with : 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be a set of modern encyclo- 
pedia of at least four volumes, in rooms above sixth 
grade. 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
International, in rooms above third grade. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries. Not less than five copies, 
in rooms above third grade. 

(d) Supplementary Readers. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least two 
sets of supplementary readers for the first six grades 
and classics for the remaining grades. 

(e) Maps. Must be set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in 
suitable case, in rooms above third grade. 

(f) Globe. Must be 12-inch suspension globe, in rooms 
above third grade. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
single seats and desks, properly arranged, for accom- 



IO STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

modation of all pupils. Single adjustable seats and 
desks preferred. 

(h) Blackboards. Must be at least 100 square feet — 
slate preferred. 

(i) Drinking Water. Each floor must be supplied with 
a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups, or a 
fountain. 

(j) Laboratory Equipment. For laboratory equipment 
for high school classes in manual training the value of 
same must be not less than seventy-five dollars, in do- 
mestic science not less than forty dollars, and in agri- 
culture not less than fifty dollars; provided that these 
courses need not be taught unless ten well qualified 
high school pupils ask for each course. 

(k) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Courses of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study must be taught. A course in either 
sewing or cooking and a course in either manual training or 
agriculture must be taught, provided, at least ten qualified high 
school pupils ask for same. 

8. Library.] Must have a well selected library of at least 
150 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but 
readers and other texts must not be included in either list. The 
books for the library shall be selected from the lists approved by 
the State Superintendent. 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 
be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way: 

(a) Heating. Must be either basement plant, or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by a heated body through an intake or 
flue that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA I I 

for every ten pupils. This fresh .air must be delivered 
at about six feet above level of floor. The foul air 
exit or flue must be of the same dimensions as the 
fresh air flue. It must remove the foul air at level of 
the floor, bringing the air in contact with a heated 
body in order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting. Light must be admitted from left side, or 
rear, or both, and the total light area must not be less 
than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. Outhouses or Closets.] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there must be inside closets, or 
the outhouses must be connected by enclosed passage-ways with 
the school building, or built with double doors and kept free 
from snow and clean. In any case they must be well kept. 

11. School Grounds.] In villages and towns the grounds 
must be at least a block in extent, and in the open country must 
be at least two acres. The grounds must be clean and present 
an orderly appearance. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the principal a com- 
plete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification; and in addition must show (1) the daily at- 
tendance, enrollment and monthly standing of all pupils; (2) 
the status of each teacher as to education, experience and salary. 

13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 

FIRST CLASS GRADED SCHOOLS. 

To be entitled to state aid as a state graded school of the 
first class the law and regulations of the state board of educa- 
tion require : 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than nine months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily attendance by 100 and divide by 



12 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

total enrollment) for the school must be not less than seventy- 
five; provided, that each child between the ages of eight and 
fifteen inclusive must. have an average attendance for the entire 
term of ninety per cent except when excusd under the law. Non- 
attendance is excusable if due to one of the following causes, viz. : 
(1) attendance elsewhere at some approved school, (2) extreme 
poverty or destitution of the family which the county has failed 
to relieve on being requested to do so by the family in question, 
(3) completion of the course, (4) physical or mental incapacity, 
and (5) lack of transportation beyond the two and one-fourth 
mile limit. 

3. Departments.] Must be not less than 4 departments. 

4. Teachers.] The principal must be a graduate of a state 
normal school, or higher institution of learning, or must hold a 
professional certificate and must receive not less than ninety 
dollars per month. Each teacher must hold a first grade elemen- 
tary certificate or better and be a graduate of a standard four- 
year high school course or equivalent, and should receive not less 
than sixty-five dollars per month. All teachers must render ser- 
vice of a high grade. 

5. Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, clean 
and well kept. Fire escapes and out-swinging doors in the exits 
must be provided as required by law. There must be at least 12 
square feet of floor space and 200 cubic feet of air .space provided 
for each pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each department must be provided with: 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be a set of modern encyclo- 
pedia of at least four volumes, in rooms above sixth 

grade. 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
International, in rooms' above third grade. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries, Not less than five copies, 
in rooms above third grade. 

(d) Supplementary Readers. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least two 
sets of supplementary readers for the first six grades 
and classics for the remaining grades. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 1 3 

(e) Maps. Must be a set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in 
suitable case, in rooms above third grade. 

(f) Globe. Must be at least 12-inch suspension globe, in 
rooms above third grade. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
single seats and desks, properly arranged, for accom- 
modation of all pupils. Single adjustable seats and 
desks preferred. 

(h) Blackboards. Must be at least 100 square feet, slate 
preferred. 

(i) Drinking Water. Each floor must be supplied with 
a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups, or a 
fountain. 

(j) Laboratory Equipment. For laboratory equipment 
for high school classes in manual training the value of 
the same must be not less than seventy-five dollars, in 
domestic science not less than forty dollars, and in 
agriculture not less than fifty dollars; provided that 
these courses need not be taught unless at least ten 
well qualified high school pupls ask for each course. 

(k) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Courses of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study must be taught. A two year high 
school course must be offered as outlined in the high school 
manual. This shall include a course in either sewing or cooking 
and a course in either manual training or agriculture, provided, 
at least ten qualified high school pupils ask for same. 

8. Library.] Must have .a well selected library of at least 
150 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but 
readers and other texts must not be included in either list. The 
books for the library shall be selected from lists approved by the 
state superintendent. 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 



14 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way : 

(a) Heating. Must either be basement plant or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by a heated body through an intake or 
flue that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot 
for every ten pupils. This fresh air must be delivered 
at about six feet above level of floor. The foul air 
exit or flue must be of the same dimensions as the 
fresh air flue. It must remove foul air at level of the 
floor, bringing the air in contact with a heated body 
in order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting. Light must be admitted from left side, or 
rear, or both, and the total light area must be not less 
than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. Outhouses or Closets.] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there must be inside closets or 
the outhouses must be connected by enclosed passage-ways with 
the school building, or built with double doors and kept clean 
and free from snow. In any case they must be well-kept. 

11. Grounds.] In villages and towns, the grounds must 
be at least a block in extent, and in the open country must be at 
least two acres. The grounds must be clean and present an 
orderly appearance. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the principal a com- 
plete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification; and in addition must show (1) the daily at- 
tendance, enrollment and monthly standing of all pupils and (2) 
the status of each teacher as to education, experience and salary. 

13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 15 

SECOND CLASS GRADED SCHOOLS. 

To be entitled to state aid as a state graded school of the 
second class the law and regulations of the state board of edu- 
cation require: 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than nine months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily attendance by 100 and divide by 
total enrollment) for the school must be not less than seventy- 
five ; provided that each child between the ages of eight and 
fifteen inclusive must have an average attendance for the entire 
term of ninety per cent except when excused under the law. Non- 
attendance is excusable if due to one of the following reasons, 
viz.: (1) attendance elsewhere at some approved school, (2) ex- 
treme poverty or destitution of the family which the county has 
failed to relieve on being requested to do so by the family in 
question, (3) completion of the course, (4) physical or mental 
incapacity and (5) lack of transportation beyond the two and 
one-fourth mile limit. 

3. Departments.] Must not be less than 2 departments. 

4. Teachers.] The principal must be a graduate of a state 
normal school, or higher institution of learning, or must hold a 
professional certificate, and must receive not less than seventy- 
five dollars per month. Each teacher must hold a first grade ele- 
mentary Certificate or better and be a graduate of a standard 
four-year high school course, or equivalent, and should receive not 
less than sixty dollars per month. The teachers must render 
service of a high grade. 

5. School Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, 
clean and well kept. Fire escapes and out-swinging doors in the 
exits must be provided as required by law. There must be at 
least 12 square feet of floor space and 200 cubic feet of air space 
provided for each pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each department must be provided with : 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be a set of modern encyclo- 
pedia of at least four volumes, in rooms above sixth 
a:rade. 



1 6 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
international, in rooms above third grade. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries. Not less than five copies, 
in rooms above third grade. 

(d) Supplementary Eeaders. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least two 
sets of supplementary readers for the first six grades 
and classics for the remaining grades. 

(e) Maps. Must be set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in 
suitable case, in rooms above third grade. 

(f) Globe. Must be 12-inch suspension globe, in rooms 
above third grade. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
single seats and desks properly arranged, for accom- 
modation of all pupils. Single adjustable seats and 
desks preferred. 

(b) Blackboards. Must be at least 100 square feet, slate 
preferred. 

(j) Drinking Water. Each floor must be supplied with 
a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups, or a 
fountain. 

(j) Laboratory Equipment. For laboratory equipment 
for high school classes in manual training the value of 
same must be not less than seventy-five dollars, in do- 
mestic science not less than forty dollars, and in agri- 
culture not less than fifty dollars ; provided, that these 
courses need not be taught unless at least ten well 
qualified high school pupils ask for each course. 

(k) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Courses of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study must be taught. A course in either 
sewing or cooking and a course in either manual training or 
agriculture must be taught, provided, at least ten qualified high 
school pupils ask for same. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 1 7 

8. Library.] Must have a well selected library of at least 
150 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but read- 
ers and other texts must not be included in either list. The books 
for the library shall be selected from lists approved by the state 
superintendent. 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 
be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way : 

(a) Heating. Must be either basement plant or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed, for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by a heated body through an intake or 
flue that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot 
for every ten pupils. This fresh air must be delivered 
at about six feet above level of floor. The foul air 
exit or flue must be of the same dimensions as the 
fresh air flue. It must remove foul air at level of the 
floor, bringing the air in contact with a heated body 
in order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting Light must be admitted from left side, or 
rear, or both, and the total light area must be not less 
than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. . Outhouses or Closets.] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there must be inside closets or 
the outhouses must be connected by enclosed passage-ways with 
the school building, or built with double doors and kept clean and 
free from snow. In any case they must be well kept. 

11. School Grounds.] In villages and towns, the grounds 
must be at least a block in extent, and in the open country must 
be at least two acres. The grounds must be clean and present 
an orderly appearance. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the principal a com- 
plete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification; and in addition must show (1) the daily at- 
tendance, enrollment and monthly standing of all pupils; and (2) 
the status of each teacher as to education, experience and salary. 



STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 



13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 



REQUIREMENTS OF LAW AND THE STATE BOARD 

OF EDUCATION FOR CLASSIFICATION AS 

FIRST CLASS RURAL SCHOOLS 

To be entitled to state aid as a state rural school of the first 
class the law and regulations of the state board of education 
require : 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than nine months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily attendance by 100 and divide by 
total enrollment) for the school must be not less than seventy- 
five; provided, that each child between the ages of eight and fif- 
teen inclusive must have an average .attendance of ninety per 
cent for the entire term except when excused under the law. Non- 
attendance is excusable if due to one of the following causes, viz. : 
(1) attendance elsewhere at some approved school, (2) extreme 
poverty or destitution of the family which the county has failed 
to relieve on being requested to do so by the family in question, 
(3) completion of the course, (4) physical or mental incapacity 
and (5) lack of transportation beyond the two and one-fourth 
mile limit. 

3. Departments.] There must be not more than one depart- 
ment. 

4. Teachers.] The teacher must hold a first grade elemen- 
tary certificate or better and be a graduate of a standard four- 
year high school course or equivalent and should receive not less 
than sixty-five dollars per month. 

5. School Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, 
clean and well kept. There must be at least 12 square feet of 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 1 9 

floor space and 200 cubic feet of air space provided for each pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each school must be provided with: 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be a set of modern encyclo- 
pedia of at least four volumes. 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
International. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries. Not less than five copies. 

(d) Supplementary Readers. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least two 
sets of supplementary readers for the first six grades 
and classics for the remaining grades. 

(e) Maps. Must be set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in 
suitable case. 

(f) Globe. Must be 12-inch suspensison globe. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
single seats and desks, properly arranged, for accom- 
modation of .all pupils. Single adjustable seats and 
desks preferred. 

(h) Blackboards. Must be at least 100 square feet, slate 
preferred. 

(i) Drinking Water. Each school must be supplied 
with a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups, 
or a fountain. 

(j) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Course of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study must be taught. 

8. Library.] Must have a well selected library of at least 
100 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but read- 
ers and other texts must not be included in either list. The books 
for the library shall be selected from lists approved by the State 
Superintendent. 



20 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 
be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way: 

(a) Heating. Must be either basement plant or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed, for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by a heated body through an intake or 
flue that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot 
for every ten pupils. This fresh air must be delivered 
at about six feet above level of floor. The foul air 
exit or flue must be of the same dimensions as the 
fresh air flue. It must remove the foul air at level of 
the floor, bringing the air in contact with a heated 
body in order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting. Light must be admitted from left side 
or rear, or both, and the total light area must be not 
less than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. Outhouses or Closets.] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there must be inside closets or 
the outhouses must be connected by enclosed passage-ways with 
the school building, or built with double doors and kept clean 
and free from snow. In any case they must be well kept. 

11. School Grounds.] In villages and towns, the grounds 
must be at least a block in extent, and in the open country must 
be at least two acres. The grounds must be clean and present 
an orderly appearance. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the teacher a com- 
plete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification, and it must show the daily attendance, enroll- 
ment and monthly standing of all pupils. 

13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades, in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 21 

SECOND CLASS RURAL SCHOOLS 

To be entitled to state aid as state rural school of the second 
class, the law and the regulations of the state board of education 
require : 

1. School Term.] Must be not less than eight months dur- 
ing the school year. 

2. Attendance.] The actual per cent of attendance (to find 
this, multiply average daily .attendance by 100 and divide by 
total enrollment) for the school must not be less than seventy- 
five and each child between the ages of eight and fifteen inclusive 
must have an average attendance of ninety per cent for the entire 
term except when excused under the law. Non-attendance is 
excusable if due to one of the following causes, viz.: (1) attend- 
ance elsewhere at some approved school, (2) extreme poverty or 
destitution of the family which the county has failed to relieve 
on being requested to do so by the family in question, (3) com- 
pletion of the course, (4) physical or mental incapacity, and (5) 
lack of transportation beyond the two and one-fourth mile limit. 

3. Departments.] Must be not more than one department. 

4. Teacher.] The teacher must hold a second grade ele- 
mentary certificate or better and be a graduate of a standard 
four-year high school course or equivalent, and should receive 
not less than sixty dollars per month. 

5. School Buildings.] Must be suitable for school purposes, 
clean and well kept. There must be at least 12 square feet of 
floor space and 200 cubic feet of air space provided for each 
pupil. 

6. Equipment.] Each school must be provided with: 

(a) Encyclopedia. Must be set of modern encyclopedia 
of at least four volumes. 

(b) Unabridged Dictionaries. Must be Webster's New 
International. 

(c) Abridged Dictionaries. Not less than one copy for 
each four children above the fourth grade. 

(d) Supplementary Readers. In addition to regular 
basic readers for all grades, there must be at least two 



22 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

sets of supplementary readers for the first six grades 
and classics for the remaining grades. 

(e) Maps. Must be set of at least eight modern maps 
including state map, mounted on spring rollers in 
suitable case. 

(f) Globe. Must be 12-inch globe, suspension preferred. 

(g) Desks and Seats. Must be supplied with suitable 
seats and desks, properly arranged, for accommoda- 
tion of all pupils. Single adjustable seats and desks 
preferred. 

(h) Blackboards. Must be at least 5 square feet per 
child, slate preferred. 

(i) Drinking Water. Each school must be supplied with 
a closed receptacle and individual drinking cups or a 
fountain. 

(j) Lavatory. Each school must be provided with 
proper facilities for washing the face and hands. 

7. Course of Study.] The common school subjects includ- 
ing elementary agriculture as named in the law and outlined in 
the state course of study musts be taught. 

8. Library.] Must have a well selected library of at least 
75 volumes divided between general and reference. The refer- 
ence will include the dictionaries and the encyclopedia, but read- 
ers and other texts must not be included in either list. The 
books for the library shall be selected from lists approved by the 
State Superintendent. 

9. Heating, Ventilating and Lighting.] Each school must 
be properly heated, ventilated and lighted in the following way: 

(a) Heating. Must be either basement plant or jacketed 
stove, same to be properly installed for purposes of 
ventilation. 

(b) Ventilating. Fresh air must be brought from out- 
side over or by heated body through an intake or flue 
that is large enough to furnish sufficient fresh air 
which calls for a cross section area of a square foot for 
every ten pupils. This fresh air must be delivered at 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 23 

about six feet above level of floor. The foul air exit 
or flue must be of the same dimensions as the fresh 
air flue. It must remove the foul air at level of the 
floor, bringing the air in contact with a heated body- 
in order that it may move up and out. 

(c) Lighting 1 . Light should be admitted from left side 
or rear or both, and the total light area must not be 
less than twenty per cent of the floor space. 

10. Outhouses or Closets..] To guard more effectively the 
health and morals of the pupils, there should be inside closets 
or the outhouses should be connected by enclosed passage-ways 
with the school building. If not, the outhouses must be built 
some distance apart. In either case they must be well kept. 

11. School Grounds.] In villages and towns, the grounds 
should be at least a block in extent, and in the open country 
should be at least two acres. The grounds must be clean and 
present an orderly appearance. 

12. Records.] There must be kept by the teacher a com- 
lete record showing in detail each and every item herein named 
for classification, and it must show the daily attendance, enroll- 
ment and monthly standing of all pupils. 

13. School Efficiency.] Each school must show that it has 
maintained a high standard of efficient service during the year 
which will be shown largely when at least ninety per cent of 
available pupils enrolled complete their grades, in a creditable 
manner. Examinations will be given by the state board of edu- 
cation, or inspector, to assist in determining this standard. 



24 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

COMPILED LAWS OF 1913 
ARTICLE 3— RURAL SCHOOLS. 

Sec. 1439. Purpose.] The purpose of this Act shall be to aid, 
encourage, stimulate, and standardize the rural, consolidated and 
graded schools of this state, and thereby increase the efficiency 
of the entire educational system of this state. 

Sec. 1440. Graded, Consolidated and Rural Schools May 
Obtain State Aid.] Any public school in any common school dis- 
trict in the state, or any public school in any city, town or vil- 
lage, or any consolidated school in the state, not entitled to aid 
as a state high school, but fully complying with the conditions 
of this Act relating to state graded schools, and any public school 
in any common school district in the state not located in any 
incorporated city, town or village, but fully complying with the 
conditions of this Act relating to state rural schools, may receive 
aid as hereinafter provided for state consolidated schools, state 
graded schools and state rural schools. 

Sec. 1441. Conditions to be Complied with by State Graded 
Schools in Order to Obtain Aid.] State graded schools shall be 
of two classes, viz. : first and second class. First class : In order 
to be entitled to aid as a state graded school of the first class, 
such school shall for the school year next preceding that for 
which aid is granted have complied with the following condi- 
tions: First, it shall have maintained at least nine months' 
school. Second, it shall be well organized, having at least four 
departments under the supervision of proficient teachers. The 
principal shall be a graduate of a normal, or other institution of 
higher learning, or shall hold a professional certificate and each 
department of such school shall be taught by a teacher having at 
least a first grade elementary certificate. Third, it shall have a 
suitable school building, properly lighted, heated and ventilated, 
sanitary and commodious outhouses, and other necessary accom- 
modations, library and such other apparatuses is necessary to 
do efficient work. Fourth, such school shall have a regular and 
orderly course of study, and shall include the first two years of a 
high school Course, as suggested by the state board of education, 
as well as courses in domestic science and either manual train- 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 25 

ing or elementary agriculture, and shall comply with such rules 
as may be established by the state board of education. 

Second Class : In order to be entitled to aid as a state 
graded school of the second class, such school shall have com- 
plied with the following conditions for the school year next pre- 
ceding that for which aid is granted, viz. : First, it shall have 
maintained at least nine (9) months' school. Second, it shall be 
well organized, having at least two departments under the super 
vision of proficient teachers. The principal shall be a graduate 
of a normal school, or other institution of higher learning, or 
shall hold a professional certificate, and each department of such 
school shall be taught by a teacher having a first-grade elemen- 
tary certificate or better. Third, it shall have a suitable school 
building, properly lighted, heated and ventilated ; sanitary and 
commodious outhouses and other necessary accommodations, a 
library, and such other apparatus as is necessary to do efficient 
work. Fourth, such school shall have a regular and orderly 
course of study for common schools, courses in domestic science, 
and either manual training or agriculture, and shall comply with 
such rules as may be established by the state board of education. 

Sec. 1442. Conditions for Obtaining Aid as a State Rural 
School.] State Rural Schools shall be of two classes, viz. : first 
and second class. 

First Class: In order to be entitled to aid as a state rural 
school of the first class, such school shall have complied with the 
following conditions during the school year next preceding that 
for which aid is granted : 

First; Such school shall have maintained at least nine (9) 
months' school. 

Second; It shall be taught by a teacher of successful exper- 
ience, holding a first-grade elementary certificate, or a certificate 
of higher grade. 

Third; It shall have a suitable school building, properly 
lighted, heated and ventilated; sanitary and commodious out- 
houses and other necessary accommodations, a library and such 
other apparatus as is necessary to do efficient work. 

Fourth ; Such school shall have a regular and orderly course 
of study prescribed in the state course of study for common 



26 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

schools, including elementary agriculture, and shall comply with 
such rules as may be establishsed by the state board of education. 

Second Class: In order to be entitled to aid as a state rural 
school of the second class, such school shall have complied with 
the following conditions for the school year next preceding that 
for which aid is granted, viz. : 

First; Such school shall have maintained at least eight (8) 
months' school. 

Second; It shall be taught by a teacher of successful ex- 
perience, holding a second-grade elementary certificate or a cer- 
tificate of higher grade. 

Third; It shall have a suitable school building, properly 
lighted, heated and ventilated, sanitary and commodious out- 
houses, and other necessary accommodations, library and such 
other apparatus as is necessary to do efficient work. 

Fourth ; Such school shall have a regular and orderly course 
of study as prescribed in the state course of study for common 
schools, including elementary agriculture and shall comply with 
such rules as may be established by the state board of educa- 
tion. 

Sec. 1443. Application to be Made to the County Superin- 
tendent of Schools.] Applications from schools for the aid herein 
provided in the case of state graded consolidated and state rural 
schools, shall be made to the county superintendent of schools of 
the county in which such schools are located. The county super- 
intendent shall forward to the state superintendent of public 
instruction such applications as are endorsed and recommended 
by him, together with a certificate of the superintendent of the 
county wherein the school making such application is situated, 
to the effect that such school has fully complied with the condi- 
tions mentioned in Section 1441 of this Act in the case of 
state graded, or state consolidated schools, and with the con- 
ditions mentioned in Section 1442 of this Act, in the case 
of state rural schools, and in addition the rules established by 
the state board of education. The county superintendent shall 
also file with the inspector when requested to do so by that officer 
a certified list of such schools as have met the requirements for 
classification. 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 27 

Sec. 1444. Inspection of Schools. State School Inspector. 
Appointment. Qualifications. Salary and Expenses. Duties 
and Reports. Assistant Inspector.] Application for aid to state 
graded schools, state rural schools, or state consolidated schools, 
which have the endorsement .and recommendations of the county 
superintendent wherein such schools are located shall be filed in 
the office of the state superintendent of public instruction; and 
before any apportionment of any aid can be made under the 
provisions of this Act, such school shall be duly inspected and 
recommended for classification by an officer to be known as state 
inspector of consolidated, rural, and graded schools. Such in- 
spector shall be appointed by the state superintendent of public 
instruction for a period of two years ; provided that such ap- 
pointment must be confirmed by the state board of education. 
This inspector shall have the same educational qualifications as 
required by law for the office of state superintendent of public 
instruction, and shall have been a county superintendent of 
schools. The inspector shall receive an annual salary of two 
thousand dollars ; and in addition thereto his necessary and actual 
expenses incurred in the discharge of his official duties, not ex- 
ceeding fifteen hundred dollars in any one year. The salary 
and traveling expenses shall be paid in the same manner as in 
the case of the state superintendent of public instruction. It 
shall be the special duty of the state inspector of consolidated, 
rural and graded schools to aid and promote consolidation of 
schools, and to further that end, he shall, when possible, attend 
teachers' meetngs, institutes, training schools and school officers' 
and patrons' meetings, and discuss consolidation and kindred 
topics. He shall on or before the fifteenth day of September in 
each year, make and transmit to the governor and the state 
superintendent of public instruction, a report showing the con- 
ditions of the schools inspected, with such summaries and recom- 
mendations as he may think proper ; and not more than fifteen 
hundred of such reports shall be printed each year. He shall 
also file in the office of the state superintendent at the close of 
each school month individual reports of the several schools in- 
spected during that month. 

Sec. 1445. Amount of Apportionment.] Between the first 
and fifteenth of August in each year, the state board of education 
shall apportion to each of said state consolidated schools the 



28 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

sums named in Section 1446 of this Act, and to each of said state 
graded schools which have fully complied with the provisions of 
this Act and such additional rules as may be established by the 
board, relating to state graded schools, the sum of two hundred 
dollars in each year to state graded schools of the first class, 
and to state graded schools of the second class the sum of one 
hundred fifty dollars; and they shall apportion to each of the 
state rural schools which have fully complied with the provisions 
of this Act and such additional rules as may be established by 
the board relating to state rural schools, the sum of one hundred 
fifty dollars in each year to each state rural school of the first 
class ; and to each state rural school of the second class the sum 
of one hundred dollars in each year; provided, however, that in 
case the amount apportioned and available shall not be sufficient 
to pay the amounts specified above then the amount available 
shall be apportioned pro rata among the schools entitled thereto, 
and .any moneys apportioned under this Act shall be used solely 
to increase the efficiency of such schools. Provided, also, that 
but one school of each class in any township or district shall 
receive aid under the provisions of this Act until all of those 
schools applying for aid before August first of each year are con- 
sidered and disposed of. These amounts shall be paid by the 
state treasurer on warrant of the state auditor when duly certified 
and filed with the state auditor by the superintendent of public 
instruction. 

Sec. 1446. Aid to Consolidated Schools.] Any consolidated 
school meeting the requirements for a state graded school of the 
first class shall receive aid in the amount of six hundred dollars, 
and any consolidated school meeting the requirements for a state 
graded school of the second class shall receive aid in the amount 
of five hundred dollars. A consolidated school within the mean- 
ing of this Act shall be one organized in accordance with Section 
84, Chapter 266, Session Laws of 1911, and in addition shall have 
at least two departments. 

Sec. 1447. Records, Accounts and Rules.] The state superin- 
tendent of public instruction shall keep a record of all schools 
applying for and receiving aid as state graded schools, state 
consolidated schools or state rural schools, in each year, and a 
detailed account of all moneys apportioned for such purposes. 
The state board of education is also authorized to establish such 



STATE OF NORTH DAKOTA 29 

additional rules as shall be found necessary to secure uniformity 
and the best results among the schools receiving state aid. 

Sec. 1448. Advancement of Graded or Consolidated Schools, 
of the First Class to High Schools, and Advancement of Graded 
or Consolidated Schools of the Second Class to Graded or Con- 
solidated Schools of the First Class.] First Class: When any 
state graded school or state consolidated school of the first class 
in this state attains such a degree of proficiency as to satisfy the 
state inspector of consolidated rural and graded schools that it 
has the qualifications necessary to entitle it to be advanced to 
a state high school, such inspector may recommend the same to 
the state board of education for such advancement. If the state 
board is satisfied that such school has complied with all the re- 
quirements to entitle it to promotion, said board shall raise it to 
a state high school entitling it to aid as such. 

Second Class: When any state graded school or state con- 
solidated school of the second class in this state has attained 
such a degree of proficiency as to satisfy the inspector that it 
has the qualifications necessary to entitle it to be advanced to a 
state graded or consolidated school of the first class, such in- 
spector may recommend the same to the state board of education 
for such advancement. If the state board is satisfied that such 
school fully complies with all the requirements necessary to 
entitle it to promotion, such board shall raise it to a state graded 
or consolidated school of the first class, entitling it to aid as 
such. 

Sec. 1449. Report of State Superintendent of Public In- 
struction.] The state superintendent of public instruction shall 
include in his biennial report a comprehensive statement of all 
receipts and disbursements ; the name and number of schools in 
each class receiving aid; the number of pupils enrolled in each, 
and the cost of supervision of all schools receiving aid under 
this Act for the years covered by such report, to which may be 
added an estimate of appropriation needed to meet the require- 
ments of this Act for the succeeding two years, and such other 
recommendations as he may deem useful and proper. 

APPROPRIATION. 

The appropriation for state aid to rural, graded, and con- 
solidated schools as passed by the Fourteenth Legislative Assem- 
bly of the State of North Dakota. 



30 STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION 

SUB-DIVISION 66 OF CHAPTER 43 OF THE SESSION LAWS 

OF 1915. 

Appropriation for state aid to rural, graded, and consolidated 
schools, $60,000 per annum, divided as follows : 

For graded schools annually $10,000.00 

For rural schools annually 20,000.00 

For consolidated schools annually 30,000.00 

Total for the biennial period $120,000.00 



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